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<p>Foundationals of codifying machine procedures into texts and their textual languages.</p>
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<p>A procedure has intermediary steps.</p>
<p>Each intermediary step has a purpose, and plays a part.</p>
<p>A step can prepare for others. The sequential order of progression is conceived accordingly.</p>
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<p>A procedure step operates on data.</p>
<p>Operations are specific to data types of involved data.</p>
<p>Types of data are grouped as listed followingly: bit, number, text.</p>
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<p>A bit can work as 1 of 2 values: as 0 or 1, or as false or true. A bit is called "Boolean" in jargon.</p>
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<p>A number can have decimal digits, sign, and so on so can be also a complex number, a quaternion, a vector, a
matrix,
and other Mathematical entities.</p>
<p>So reference also to Mathematical jargon here. A number without decimals is called
"integer number", and so on.</p>
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<p>A text can be encoded by support of alphabets and affine systems, or symbols and emoticons also, for example.</p>
<p>A text is a sequence of such elements. A text is called "string" in jargon.</p>
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<p>Procedures have branchings.</p>
<p>A Boolean value decides the path that will be executed when branching points happen in sequential execution of
"procedural steps".</p>
<p>A bit (a Boolean) is associated with 2 possible branching paths.</p>
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<p>Data can be put into or got out from data structures.</p>
<p>Data is stored mostly in associative arrays. That means associating contained values to keys (jargon).</p>
<p>Keys allow referring for reading and writing such values.</p>
<p>"Associative data keys" can be both text or numbers as type.</p>
<p>Keys of type "integer number" are called "sequence indices" in jargon. Such index often starts with a 0
associated to a first element of a sequence.</p>
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